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The Tyne and Wear Metro, referred to locally as simply the ''Metro'', is a rapid transit and light rail system in North East England,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.trl.co.uk/online_store/reports_publications/trl_reports/cat_traffic_and_transport_planning/report_the_longer_term_effects_of_the_tyne_and_wear_metro.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tyne & Wear Metro, United Kingdom )〕 serving Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead, South Tyneside, North Tyneside and Sunderland in the Tyne and Wear region. The Metro is also described as the first modern light rail system in the United Kingdom.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Nexus )〕 It is considered a premetro system. It opened in 1980 and in 2007–2008 provided 40 million public journeys on its network of .〔 It is the second largest of the three metro systems in the United Kingdom, after the London Underground; the other being Glasgow Subway. It is operated by DB Regio Tyne & Wear Ltd (a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn and a part of Arriva UK Trains) on behalf of Nexus.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Nexus )〕 ==Overview== As part of it modernisation, Metro installed ticket barriers in 2013/14 at 13 stations on the network, the remaining stations have no fixed ticket controls. Despite this, the Tyne and Wear Metro has the third highest level of passenger income per year (£45.2 million in 2013/2014) of the eight light rail systems in England.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Light Rail Statistics )〕 Checks are made by roving patrols of inspectors. Ticket machines that accept coins, notes and credit/debit cards were introduced during the modernisation programme in 2013/14. Many stations throughout the system feature commissioned works by various artists.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Commissions )〕 Examples include the following: * A large-scale public artwork by Nayan Kulkarni, ''Nocturne'', consisting of a moving kaleidoscope of light travelling along the Queen Elizabeth II Bridge, which carries the Metro between Newcastle and Gateshead, was inaugurated in April 2007. * Wallsend station is probably the only public facility in Britain in which the signage is in Latin. Artist Michael Pinsky was commissioned to create the bilingual signs and a map of Hadrian's Wall in the style of the Metro map to commemorate the area's Roman heritage and its location near the Segedunum Roman fort at the end of the wall. The project was part of Newcastle and Gateshead's unsuccessful joint bid to become European Capital of Culture in 2008.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Pontis by Michael Pinsky )〕 Metro has a distinctive design and corporate identity, to distinguish itself from the decrepit rail system it replaced and to match the livery of the buses then in use. The Calvert typeface, used for signage and in printed materials, was designed specifically for the Metro by Margaret Calvert. The corporate identity was revised in 1998, de-emphasising the Calvert font, and adding the word Metro to its M logo. A further revision in 2008, and subsequently rolled-out, re-emphasises the Calvert font, most obviously in posters and in signage at the refurbished Haymarket station in the centre of Newcastle. Metro was the first underground train network in the UK to install repeaters allowing customers to use their mobile phone in tunnels, an achievement that is being closely watched by the London Underground. Metro does not allow the carriage of standard bicycles, though there are storage lockers for these at some stations. Only small folding bicycles are permitted on the Metro, and technically only Nexus approved models of folding bikes are permitted. Photography is allowed on Metro but written permission is required. Furthermore, Nexus reserve the right to, and have often insisted upon, chaperone any filming or photography taking place on the network. This rule however does not apply to Sunderland station because of its being owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Rail. Smoking has been forbidden since opening; this was one of the first comprehensive smoking bans.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=How Metro was built )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tyne and Wear Metro」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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